Flight MH370/Chronology/Phase 6: Difference between revisions

MH370 DECODED
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Phase 6 - North Indian Ocean to Southern Indian Ocean}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:MH370 Chronology - North Indian Ocean to Southern Indian Ocean}}
 
 
 
 
 
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<div class="chron title-left"><p>Ground or Ground-to-Air Events</p></div>
<div class="chron title-right"><p>Aircraft or Air-to-Ground Events</p></div>
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<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/02-40-56 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/02-43-33 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/02-53-48 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/03-30-03 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/03-30 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/03-41-00 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/03-48-46 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/03-48-52 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/03-56-13 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/04-25-22 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/04-41-02 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-04-00 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-09-13 MYT}}</div>
 
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-18-32 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-20-16 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-23-18 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-23-18 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-30-00 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-30 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-34-56 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-41-20 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-41-24 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/05-45 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-00 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-13-36 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-13-36 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-14-13 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-32 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-33-23 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-36-28 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-41-19 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/06-50-22 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/07-00-42 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/07-13-58 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/07-15-02 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/07-24 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/08-10-58 MYT}}</div>
<div class="flex-row">{{:Flight MH370/2014-03-08/08-19-29 MYT}}</div>
 
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[[Category:North Indian Ocean to Southern Indian Ocean]]
[[Category:North Indian Ocean to Southern Indian Ocean]]
<p>After MH370 turned south toward the southern Indian Ocean the aircraft continued flying until running out of fuel. <br />What we know is limited to data from some satellite communications as shown in this Section</p>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">North Indian Ocean to Southern Indian Ocean</h2>
<div style="float:right; margin-right:7em;"><html><a href="/Timeline/NIO-SIO/Colour Code" class="nav-btn">Event Colour Code</a></html></div>
<h5 style="text-align: center;">From 2:40 MYT to End of Flight {{Day 001}}<br />
(18:40 UTC {{Day -001}} to End of Flight)</h5>
<br />
<h5>3. Other Satellite Communications</h5>
<p>After the successful log-on which commenced at 0225:27 MYT there were a series of automated communications, and two unsuccessful [[Communications:Telephone Calls|telephone calls]] from Malaysia Airlines.</p>
<p>Because the SATCOM was logged-on, the ground station periodically communicated with it to check that it was still logged on. These automated transmissions should occur approximately every hour.</p>
<p>However, the two [[Communications:Telephone Calls|telephone calls]] using the satellite system had the effect of resetting the timer at the ground station, so the 'handshakes' initiated by the ground station were not one hour apart.</p>
<p>The Table below shows the sequence of [[Handshakes|handshakes]] and phone calls. The metadata associated with the transmissions for each 'handshake' enabled Investigators to calculate the distance of the aircraft from the satellite at the time of each event. This is shown as a series of concentric rings in the diagram below right. The Time on each ring is UTC.</p>
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<div style="text-align:center">
    <h5>Table 1.9B - SATCOM ‘Handshakes’ </h5>
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{{Content:SIR Table 1.9B/Updated}}
<br />
<p style="text-align:center"><u>Source</u>: {{SIR2018/FullRef}}</p>
<p>Note: <i>Table 1.9B</i>, when published, showed times rounded to the nearest minute. The above version has been updated to include seconds, so that each time can be linked to the correct event in the Timeline. No other data has been changed. The two versions can be seen together [[Chronology/SATCOM Handshakes|here]].</p>
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        {{Content:Images/ATSB/UnderwaterSearch/Figure 18}}
<p><b>Note</b>: Each yellow arrow points to a 'ring', using the time as a label. The arrow does not indicate the position of MH370 at that time.</p>
    </div> <!-- End Column -->
</div> <!-- End Row -->
<div class="row">
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<h5>5. A Possible Flight Path</h5>
<p>There are many variables to consider when defining the time when MH370 turned south. Investigators have worked hard to refine their mathematical models so that they can predict more accurately where the flight ended.</p>
<p>Obviously, we do not know the exact time that a turn commenced. There have been many attempts to reconstruct a flight path using an early turn; a late turn; or some time in-between. Each solution must still place the aircraft on one of the seven arcs at the time of the relevant satellite communication. </p>
<p>An aircraft can also make different types of turn - gentle and level is normal for passenger flights; or steeply banked; maybe with some acceleration through the turn; or a change of altitude. There are many possibilities, including whether the turn was manually controlled or executed by the autopilot.</p>
<p>One of the valid flight paths is shown in the diagram opposite. This one was created by engineers from [[INMARSAT/Folio 7|Inmarsat]] who did the original calculations with the values of Burst Timing Offset and Burst Frequency Offset. Without this innovative analysis of the metadata we would have absolutely no idea where MH370 went after flying beyond Malaysia's military radar coverage.</p>
<p>The flight path shown here is 'indicative' - it represents a likely end-of-flight path in a southerly direction with its' heading changing from 186° to 180° by the end of the flight. See <i>[[INMARSAT/Folio 7|The Search for MH370]]</i> (Inmarsat).</p>
<br />
<p>Note: Although MH370 was close to the northern tip of Sumatra, it likely crossed, or was close to, Indonesian airspace. But there is no radar data from Indonesia.</p>
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        {{Content:Images/Inmarsat/Figure 17}}
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<p>[[Time:Timeline/2014-03-08/0253:48 MYT]]</p>
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Latest revision as of 08:56, 26 August 2026




Ground or Ground-to-Air Events

Aircraft or Air-to-Ground Events

8 March 2014   02:40:56 MYT

Unanswered ground-to-air telephony call cleared by calling party.

8 March 2014   02:43:33 MYT

Last retransmission attempt by MAS ODC of ACARS message to MH370. All attempts since 1803:23 UTC have failed.

8 March 2014   02:53:48 MYT

HCM ACC requests MH386 (en route KLIA�Shanghai) to attempt radio contact with MH370 on Lumpur Radar frequency and emergency frequency 121.5 MHz.

8 March 2014   03:30:03 MYT

KL ACC queries HCM ACC if it had checked with the Hainan FIR regarding MH370.

8 March 2014   03:30:00 MYT

MAS Operations Centre informs KL ACC that flight tracker information was based on flight projection and was not reliable for aircraft positioning.

8 March 2014   03:41:00 MYT

Perth GES Log-On Interrogation; SATCOM responds normally. Second SATCOM �handshake�; confirms SATCOM link available.

8 March 2014   03:48:46 MYT

nul

8 March 2014   03:48:52 MYT

KL ACC queries HCM ACC if it had checked with Sanya FIR; HCM ACC confirms no response.

8 March 2014   03:56:13 MYT

KL ACC queries MAS Operations for any latest information or contact with MH370.

8 March 2014   04:25:22 MYT

HCM ACC Supervisor queries KL ACC on last known position of MH370 while in contact with KL ACC.

8 March 2014   04:41:02 MYT

Perth GES Log-On Interrogation; SATCOM responds normally. Third SATCOM �handshake�.

8 March 2014   05:04:00 MYT

Singapore ACC receives a call from Hong Kong ACC enquiring about missing Malaysian aircraft MH370. Singapore ACC relays request to contact Lumpur ACC for information. Singapore ACC was previously unaware of the problem.

8 March 2014   05:09:13 MYT

Singapore ACC contacts KL ACC relaying Hong Kong ACC�s inquiry about MH370.

8 March 2014   05:18:32 MYT

HCM ACC queries KL ACC for information on MH370; KL ACC queries if any information had been received from Hong Kong or Beijing.

8 March 2014   05:20:16 MYT

MAS Captain (Technical and Development Department) requests information on MH370; opines that �MH370 never left Malaysian airspace�.

8 March 2014   05:23:18 MYT

nul

8 March 2014   05:23:18 MYT

nul

8 March 2014   05:30:00 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   05:30:00 MYT

KL ATSC Watch Supervisor activates the Kuala Lumpur Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre (KL ARCC).

8 March 2014   05:34:56 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   05:41:20 MYT

HCM ACC queries KL ACC for any updates on MH370.

8 March 2014   05:41:24 MYT

Perth GES Log-On Interrogation; SATCOM responds normally. Fourth SATCOM �handshake�.

8 March 2014   05:45:00 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   06:00:00 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   06:13:36 MYT

nul

8 March 2014   06:13:36 MYT

nul

8 March 2014   06:14:13 MYT

KL ACC queries HCM ACC whether Search and Rescue (SAR) has been activated.

8 March 2014   06:32:00 MYT

KL ARCC issues DETRESFA (Distress Phase) message and disseminates via AFTN. This is 4 hours and 05 minutes after the last radio contact with MH370 at 1827 UTC, and 1 hour and 02 minutes after KL ARCC was activated.

8 March 2014   06:33:23 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   06:36:28 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   06:41:19 MYT

Perth GES Log-On Interrogation; SATCOM responds normally. Fifth SATCOM �handshake�.

8 March 2014   06:50:22 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   07:00:42 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   07:13:58 MYT

Second ground-to-air telephony call placed from Malaysian (country code 60) number to MH370 at Q10 AOC priority level. Call goes unanswered.

8 March 2014   07:15:02 MYT

Unanswered ground-to-air telephony call cleared by calling party.

8 March 2014   07:24:00 MYT

Add Summary

8 March 2014   08:10:58 MYT

Perth GES Log-On Interrogation; SATCOM responds normally. Sixth SATCOM �handshake�; confirms SATCOM link available.

8 March 2014   08:19:29 MYT

SATCOM Log-On initiated from the aircraft terminal (second in-flight Log-On, seventh �handshake�). A prior SATCOM link loss had occurred at some time after 0010:58 UTC. Abnormal BFO recorded, consistent with a combination of vertical velocity (descent) and OCXO warm-up drift; suggests short power interruption of less than 8 minutes duration.


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Disclaimer

This Timeline has been created by deconstructing official documents and linking these extracts in a way which simulates a chronological sequence and facilitates access to further detail and explanatory notes for time-related events in the narrative of Malaysia Airlines flight MH370.

Malaysia Airlines Operations Despatch Centre

Aircraft Communication and Reporting System

Coordinated Universal Time

Ho Chi Minh (Viet Nam) Area Control Centre (or Air Traffic Control Centre)

Kuala Lumpur International Airport

Megahertz

Kuala Lumpur Area Control Centre (or Air Traffic Control Centre)

Flight Information Region

Malaysia Airline Systems

Ground earth station. A satellite ground station sends or receives data from orbiting satellites. (Source: ATSB)

Satellite Communications

Area Control Centre (or Air Traffic Control Centre)

Kuala Lumpur Air Traffic Services Centre

Kuala Lumpur Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre

Search And Rescue

The code word used to designate a distress phase

A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its occupants are threatened by grave and imminent danger and require immediate assistance.

Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network

The telephone code for Malaysia

Burst Frequency Offset. BFO is a measure of the difference between the expected frequency of a satellite transmission and the frequency received at the ground station. See Burst Frequency Offset

Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator

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